Written By David Gomez
As all Canada celebrates National Indigenous History Month and National Indigenous Peoples Day on June 21, we have the opportunity to reflect on the remarkable contributions of Indigenous Peoples to this nation’s history, culture, and society. One very important figure who stands out for his extraordinary achievements and lasting legacy is Thomas Charles Longboat, an Onondaga distance runner from Six Nations of the Grand River. His story is one of resilience, talent, and cultural pride, symbolizing the persistence and excellence of Indigenous Peoples in Canada. That is why in this edition’s column I
would like to write about his life.
Born on July 4, 1886, in Ohsweken, Tom Longboat emerged from humble beginnings to become one of the most celebrated athletes of the early 20th century. His journey was marked by significant challenges, including the loss of his father at a young age and the oppressive environment of the Mohawk Institute Residential School, which he attended against his will, like thousands of other Indigenous children for more a century across Canada. Longboat’s refusal to conform to the pressures of assimilation and his eventual escape from that dreadful residential school highlight his determination to stay true to his identity and heritage.
His running career began in earnest when he entered the five-mile Victoria Day race in Caledonia at the age of 19. His victory in this race set the stage for an illustrious career that saw him win the Boston Marathon in 1907, becoming the first Indigenous person to do so. This victory catapulted him to fame, and he soon became a household name across North America and beyond. His innovative training methods, which included a mix of intense workouts and recovery periods, were ahead of their time and contributed to his numerous record-breaking performances.
Despite facing pervasive racism and discrimination, Longboat remained steadfast in his commitment to his training methods and his cultural identity. His conflicts with sports managers and the media, who often mischaracterized him as lazy, underscore the systemic biases he had to overcome. Yet, he persevered, setting new standards in professional running and maintaining his connection to his roots.
Longboat’s service in the Canadian Armed Forces during World War I further exemplify his resilience and dedication. As a dispatch carrier, he faced significant danger, and his role was crucial to the war effort. Tasked with delivering vital messages across very dangerous battlefields, Longboat navigated through enemy fire, showcasing extraordinary bravery and endurance. The constant threat to his life, highlighted by erroneous reports of his death, underscored the perilous nature of his duty. Despite these dangers, he continued to serve with distinction. His survival and continued success in post-war Canada, despite numerous challenges, are testaments to his enduring spirit and unwavering commitment to his country and community.
In his later years, Longboat worked various jobs, including as a mailman and steelworker, before retiring to his home community. His legacy continued through the establishment of the Tom Longboat Awards in 1951, which honour Indigenous athletes who demonstrate excellence in sport. His induction into Canada’s Sports Hall of Fame and the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame further solidifies his place in Canadian history.
As we commemorate National Indigenous Peoples Day, Tom Longboat’s story serves as a powerful reminder of the strength and resilience of Indigenous Peoples. His life is a beacon of hope and a source of inspiration, illustrating that cultural pride and personal determination can overcome even the most formidable obstacles. Longboat’s contributions to sports and his enduring legacy are integral to Canada’s narrative, reflecting the profound impact of Indigenous Peoples on their shared heritage. In celebrating Tom Longboat, we honour not just his achievements but also the rich cultural traditions and histories of Indigenous communities across Canada.
